TWH – Many of the most beloved American television and films about witches premier in October, and that is no different this year. A new version of the popular 1990s show Charmed is scheduled to begin airing on the WB October 14. And, Netflix will begin streaming The Chilling Adventures of Sabrina October 26. These shows are capitalizing on the popularity of witchcraft in pop culture as well increasing awareness and even notoriety of modern Witchcraft practice in the U.S.
Both shows are eagerly awaited as Charmed was one of the most popular witch-based shows in American entertainment history, and was created during a time when modern Witchcraft phraseology was being incorporated into the narrative in a more or less positive way, even if sensationalized. As for Sabrina, she is one of the most influential, long-lived and popular witch characters in American entertainment history, making her debut in the early 1960s.
Today, we republish our July article on Sabrina and her history with some updated information on the new show. Next week, we will feature a story on the show Charmed.
TWH – Netflix announced in December that it has picked up a new series based on the classic Archie Comics’ character Sabrina, the teenage witch. The new show, as defined by Netflix, will “imagine the origin and adventures of Sabrina the Teenage Witch as a dark coming-of-age story that traffics in horror, the occult and, of course, witchcraft.”
The new series is named the Chilling Adventures of Sabrina, and is based on Robert Aguirre-Sacasa’s graphic novel of the same title. It is riding on the popularity of the CW series Riverdale, which plunges the famous Archie kids into a dark and more brooding narrative than anything seen before. The CW was originally flirting with the Sabrina companion series; however, Netflix decided to pick it up for two seasons and 20 episodes.
Netflix says,”Tonally in the vein of Rosemary’s Baby and The Exorcist, this adaptation finds Sabrina wrestling to reconcile her dual nature — half-witch, half-mortal — while standing against the evil forces that threaten her, her family and the daylight world humans inhabit.”
While the show’s character concept of Sabrina is based on the original 1960s Archie comic books, the show’s dark spin comes directly from Aguirre-Sacasa’s work, which tells the story of Sabrina as a 1960s teen fighting against Satan. Or, as an Entertainment Weekly reviewer recently wrote: “Sabrina Spellman as a teenager in the ’60s dealing with the occult and the hellish consequences of witchcraft.”
Origins
Sabrina the teenage witch has a long history in American visual entertainment. She first appeared in Archie Comics in 1962 as the lead story for Mad House issue #22, which aptly was released in October of that year. Creators George Gladir and Dan DeCarlo never expected Sabrina to be a hit, but she was.
Sabrina became a regular character in the Archie comic series and, in 1971, she eventually earned her own series titled “Sabrina the Teenage Witch”.
In 1970, Sabrina made her debut as an animated character in the low-budget Filmation series’ Sabrina and the Groovey Ghoulies, which was renamed to Sabrina the Teenage Witch in 1971. The show aired from 1970 to 1974 during the CBS Saturday morning cartoon hours. Although the show went off the air in the 1974, CBS ran some of the episodes during the Archie Hour in 1978. They re-titled her segments as Sabrina, the Super Witch. However, that Archie series was not popular at that time, and the show went off the air that same year.
Sabrina in live-action
It wasn’t until the 1990s that Sabrina made a comeback. She first reappeared in Showtime’s live-action feature feature film Sabrina the Teenage Witch, starring Melissa Joan Hart. The film was released in the spring of 1996 and was shortly followed by a spin-off television series. The successful and long-running show premiered on ABC in September of that year during its TGIF lineup. Notably, that was the same year that saw the release of The Craft, Little Witches, and the very first film version of Arthur Miller’s popular play The Crucible.
The new live-action sitcom, which was marketed to young teens, aired from 1996 to 2003, making a switch from ABC to the WB in 2000. Its launch and eventual success led to a new comic book series, a manga series, and several feature films including Sabrina Goes to Rome (1998) and Sabrina Down Under (1999). Hart as Sabrina also made cross-over appearances on other shows such as Boy Meets World (1997).
1990s Sabrina
Over the next decade, the show’s success was a catalyst for several new animated series, none of which were successful. One titled Sabrina: the Animated Series ran from 1999-2000, and Hart provided the voice for the character. In 2013, Sabrina was re-imagined with CGI technology in the series Sabrina: Secrets of a Teenage Witch. Actress Ashley Tisdale provided the voice in that show.
In all cases, these new animated production were geared at young girls audiences, rather than preteens or teens. By 2013, Sabrina had taken on a whole new look.
The evolution of Sabrina
This is important point. Looking back at the original Archie comic books, Sabrina was created to resemble a 1960s pin-up, and her magical work was not something she was fighting against in anyway. While it was not evil in the sense of Rosemary’s Baby, it was considered mischief, and Sabrina was somewhat of a troublemaker and a flirt; she was sexualized and impish in nature.
In the first issue, Sabrina says that she is a modern witch, and shows no remorse for the fact that she cannot “fall in love.” She also explains that a witch’s familiar performs “small malicious errands.” These comments are indicative of Sabrina’s original tone, which suggests the thematic idea that a modern, sexualized and empowered woman might be trouble. This theme is pervasive in occult-based of golden era Hollywood entertainment of the time, (e.g. Bell, Book, and Candle, 1958)
The 1970s cartoon character has a far more compassionate nature than in her predecessor and a is less voluptuous design. Sabrina’s animated cartoon persona was geared toward young audiences watching television on Saturday morning, not comic book readers who were predominately boys and young men. This 1970s Sabrina is also part of the team, attempting to use magic for good.
As time passed, Sabrina took on the persona of the typical 1990s empowered young woman. Not only was she now real, rather than being idealized in an art form, but her magical work, like that of the 1970s cartoon, was often accidental, and played simply for comedy. Hart’s live-action Sabrina is sympathetic and endearing, and her witchcraft is never dark or purposefully mischievous.
Regardless of the shift, magic was still an allegorical stand-in for female empowerment. In all narratives, Sabrina finds her magical power at the tender age of 16, a significant year and one that is often repeated in the telling of stories about teen girls (e.g., The Little Mermaid, 1989). However, unlike the original comic, the new live-action series treats magic different. While the learning and use of witchcraft, allegorically speaking, are still part of the coming-of-age story, it is not considered purposeful mischief, evil, or linked to an over-expression of female physical sexuality.
During that time, magic and witchcraft representation in narrative film were becoming part of the way teens found agency. This thematic nuance can be found throughout fantasy entertainment of the 1990s and 2000s, such as in the case of The Craft (1996), Willow in the series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1993-2007) or the sisters in Charmed.
2000 Sabrina [Buena Vista TV]
Sabrina and the dark side
In 2014, Sabrina was reimagined again by writer Aguirre-Sacasa. His graphic novel was first published in 2014 by Archie Horror, a division of Archie Comics. The new shift in character tone coincides with the contemporary cultural trend toward dark fantasy and the re-imaging fairy tales and other typically child-focused fare with adult themes. For example, this was done with Disney’s Maleficent (2014) and the television series ABC’s Once Upon a Time (2011 – 2018), to name two.
The show Riverdale, which was launched in January 2017 and is now airing on the CW, was created in this vein and corresponds to works published by Archie Horror. Aguirre-Sacasa is that show’s creator, and he is also the executive producer for the upcoming Netflix Sabrina series.
As noted in the press release, the new show will focus on Sabrina’s fight with darkness and, as is always the case, her coming of age. Sabrina will take on a new depth of character that depicts various sides of her personality, which is not reflected in past depictions. Sabrina gets a dark side that exceeds the original concept of her being simply impishness.
This shift characterization also changes the way that magic and witchcraft is portrayed. How the Netflix show will negotiate and define magic will soon be seen? In shows like Buffy, Charmed, or the more recent shows Salem and American Horror Story: Coven, witchcraft is shown to have multiple facets, and can be used for both positive and negative actions. This usage was highly dependent upon the user and the motivation. The perceived morality concerning witchcraft becomes fluid in these contemporary narratives. It isn’t tied to any one definitive perspective.
However, if Netflix does what it suggests and uses Rosemary’s Baby or The Exorcist as a basis to define witchcraft, the use of magic may be strictly positioned as evil. Considering that Aguirre-Sacasa himself is the executive producer and writer of the new show and that his comics do lend themselves to this classic type of thematic structure with regard to occult themes, an “exorcist”- inspired depiction is very possible.
The Chilling Adventures of Sabrina will debut Oct. 26 on Netflix. Get your popcorn ready. The following gallery showcases Sabrina through the decades:
